Use phonics to decode new words in age-appropriate material.

Use phonological awareness knowledge (e.g., isolate, blend, substitute, manipulate letter sounds) to identify phonetically regular one and two syllable words.

Recognize 300 high frequency sight words.

Use a variety of decoding strategies (e.g., phonics, word patterns, structural analysis, context clues) to recognize new words when reading age-appropriate material.

Use letter-sound knowledge and sight vocabulary to read orally and silently/whisper read age-appropriate material.

Self-monitor reading and use decoding strategies to self-correct miscues.

Use a variety of resources (e.g., context, previous experiences, dictionaries, glossaries, computer resources, ask others) to determine and clarify meanings of unfamiliar words.

Use phonics to decode new words in age-appropriate material.

Use word analysis (root words, inflections, affixes) to identify words.

Discuss the meanings of new words encountered in independent and group activities.

Use synonyms and antonyms to define words.

Use a variety of decoding strategies (e.g., phonics, word patterns, structural analysis, context clues) to recognize new words when reading age-appropriate material.

Self-monitor reading and use decoding strategies to self-correct miscues.

Use context and previous experience to determine the meanings of unfamiliar words in text.

Use a variety of resources (e.g., dictionaries, thesauruses, indices, glossaries, internet, interviews, available technology) to clarify meanings of unfamiliar words.

Use a combination of word analysis and vocabulary strategies (e.g., phonics, word patterns, structural analyses) to identify words.

Learn and use high frequency root words, prefixes, and suffixes to understand word meaning.

Use synonyms and antonyms to define words.

Use word origins to construct the meanings of new words.

Apply word analysis and vocabulary strategies across the curriculum and in independent reading to self correct miscues that interfere with meaning.

Recognize the difference between denotative and connotative meanings of words.

Determine the meaning of a word in context when the word has multiple meanings.

Use additional resources (e.g., newspapers, interviews, technological resources) as applicable to clarify meanings of unfamiliar words.

Read fiction and non-fiction materials for specific purposes.

Use clues (e.g., titles, pictures, themes, prior knowledge, graphs) to make and justify predictions before, during and after reading.

Recognize informational text structure (e.g., sequence, list/example) before and during reading.

Develop familiarity with poetry (e.g., choral reading to develop fluency).

Recognize when understanding requires re-reading to clarify meaning.

State facts and details of text during and after reading.

Locate answers to age-appropriate questions, before, during, and after reading, to clarify understanding.

Interpret text information gathered from diagrams, graphs, or maps before, during and after reading.

Demonstrate creative responses to text such as dramatizations, oral presentations, or “make believe” play after reading.

Interpret age-appropriate figurative language.

Read age-appropriate material orally with accuracy, rhythm, volume, and flow that sounds like everyday speech.

Identify purposes for reading before and during reading.

Make predictions about text events before and during reading and confirm, modify, or reject predictions after reading.

Use a variety of strategies (e.g., K-W-L, anticipation guide, graphic organizer, DR-TA) to connect important ideas in text to prior knowledge and other reading.

Identify explicit main ideas.

Make connections from text to text, text to self, text to world.

Differentiate between fact and opinion.

Identify genres of fiction and non-fiction.

Identify genres of poetry.

Continuously check and clarify for understanding (e.g., reread, read ahead, use visual and context clues) during reading.

Ask questions to clarify understanding.

Summarize or retell information from a text.

Interpret age-appropriate figurative language.

Read age-appropriate material aloud with fluency and accuracy.

Set a purpose for reading and adjust as necessary before and during reading.

Use self-questioning and teacher questioning to promote active reading.

Infer before, during, and after reading.

Select and use appropriate strategies according to textual complexities and reader purpose before and during reading.

Make connections from text to text, text to self, text to world.

Demonstrate an accurate understanding of information in the text by focusing on the key ideas presented explicitly or implicitly and making connections text to text, text to self, text to world.

Identify explicit and implicit main ideas.

Differentiate between fact and opinion.

Infer cause/effect relation-ships in expository text.

Paraphrase/summarize information in a text.

Clarify understanding continuously (e.g., read ahead, use visual and context clues) during reading.

Critique text using personal reflections and responses.

Generalize meanings from figurative language.

Apply self-monitoring techniques to adjust rate and utilize various resources according to purposes and materials.

Read age-appropriate material aloud with fluency and accuracy.

Respond to analytical and interpretive questions based on information in text.

Select passages in non-fiction materials to answer specific questions.

Ask questions to seek clarification of meaning.

Use information in text or illustrations to generate questions about the cause of a specific effect.

Use self-monitoring (e.g., re-read question, confirm) to solve problems in meaning to achieve understanding of a broad range of reading materials.

Identify the author’s purpose and the main idea.

Compare an author’s information with the student’s knowledge of self, world, and other texts in non-fiction text.

Compare a broad range of books that have the same theme and topic.

Summarize and retell text read or heard.

Recognize and discuss the structure of a story in sequential order.

Use information in text to recognize differences of opinion.

Recognize how specific authors and illustrators express their ideas in text and graphics (e.g., dialogue, characters, color).

Identify and begin to interpret information presented in age-appropriate maps, diagrams, and charts for both fiction and nonfiction materials.

Select books appropriate to reading levels.

Develop familiarity with available technology (e.g., computers, copiers, cameras, interactive web sites).

Use evidence in text to form questions and verify predictions.

Use information to generate and respond to questions that reflect higher level thinking skills (e.g., analyzing, synthesizing, inferring, evaluating).

Identify important themes and topics by using relevant and accurate references to provide a valid interpretation of text.

Identify the message the author conveys in the text.

Make comparisons across reading selections (e.g., themes, topics, story elements).

Interpret concepts or make connections through analysis, evaluation, inference, and/or comparison.

Use text structure (e.g., sequential order, chronological order, problem/solution) to determine most important information.

Explain how authors and illustrators express their ideas.

Use information from simple tables, maps, and charts to increase comprehension of a variety of age-appropriate materials, both fiction and nonfiction.

Use available technology (e.g., interactive web sites, software, electronic mail).

Use evidence in text to modify predictions and questions.

Use evidence in text to respond to open-ended questions.

Use evidence in text to generate and confirm or reject hypotheses.

Compare themes, topics, and story elements of various selections by one author.

Interpret concepts or make connections through comparison, analysis, evaluation, and inference.

Select reading strategies for text appropriate to the reader’s purpose.

Make generalizations based on relevant information from expository text.

Recognize main ideas and secondary ideas in expository text.

Paraphrase/summarize narrative text according to text structure.

Recognize how illustrations reflect, interpret, and enhance the text.

Recognize similarities and differences when presented with varying styles or points of view.

Apply information obtained from age-appropriate fiction and nonfiction materials to simple tables, maps, and charts.

Apply appropriate reading strategies to fiction and non-fiction texts within and across content areas.

Develop familiarity with available electronic literary forms (e.g., interactive web sites, interactive software, electronic mail).

Describe and compare characters, settings, and/or events in stories or pictures.

Retell stories and events using a beginning, a middle, and an end.

Define unfamiliar vocabulary.

Identify the topic or main idea (theme).

Distinguish between “make believe” and realistic narrative.

Compare different versions of the same story from different cultures and eras.

Recognize a regular beat and similarities of sound (rhythm and rhyme) in poetry.

Recognize that prose is written in sentences and organized in paragraphs.

Identify the theme (e.g., friendship, cooperation, sharing, change, exploration) in selected stories and books.

Identify the setting and tell how it affects the story.

Identify the elements of plot by retelling the story (i.e., problem, attempts to solve problem, or resolution of problem).

Identify/compare characters’ attributes across stories.

Define unfamiliar vocabulary.

Name several characteristics that distinguish fiction from nonfiction.

Classify major types of fiction (e.g., tall tale, fairy tale, fable).

Classify major types of nonfiction (e.g., essay, biography, autobiography).

Classify types of expository text structures (e.g., description, sequence, comparison, cause/effect, problem/solution).

Recognize that prose is written in sentences and organized in paragraphs.

Recognize both rhymed and unrhymed poetry.

Discover poetic devices (e.g., rhyme, rhythm, alliteration, onomatopoeia, repetition, simile, metaphor).

Read a wide range of fiction.

Identify and compare themes or messages in various selections.

Compare one or more story elements (e.g., character, plot, setting) and points of view in a variety of works by a variety of authors from different times and cultures.

Identify and discuss the elements of plot and subplot.

Identify/compare characters’ attributes and motives.

Make inferences about character traits and check text for verification.

Analyze unfamiliar vocabulary.

Identify metaphor, simile, onomatopoeia, and hyperbole in text.

Discuss and respond to a variety of literature (e.g., folktales, legends, myths, fiction, nonfiction, poems).

Identify rhythm and rhyme in original work.

Identify poetic devices (e.g., alliteration, assonance, consonance, onomatopoeia, rhyme scheme).

Investigate self-selected/ teacher-selected literature (e.g., picture books, nursery rhymes, fairy tales, poems, legends) from a variety of cultures.

Respond appropriately to texts representative of life skills (e.g., classroom label, school signs, restroom symbols.)

Re-enact and retell selections (e.g., stories, songs, poems).

Make a reasonable judgment with support from the text.

Apply text variations (e.g., change setting, alter a character, rewrite the ending).

Make connections from text to text, text to self, text to world.

Compare two works by the same author.

Discuss several works that have a common idea.

Apply events and situations in both fiction and nonfiction to personal experiences.

Investigate literature from a variety of time periods/ cultures/genres.

Compare works by the same author.

Discuss works that have a common theme.

Re-enact/role play/retell (e.g., stories, songs, poems, plays).

Support plausible interpretations with evidence from the text.

Make inferences, draw conclusions, make connections from text to text, text to self, text to world.

Support an interpretation by citing the text.

Compare works by the same author.

Analyze several works that have a common theme.

Read a wide range of nonfiction (e.g., books, newspapers, magazines, textbooks, visual media).

Make inferences, draw conclusions, and make connections from text to text, text to self, and text to world.

Support plausible interpretations with evidence from the text.